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Archive for the ‘Hitters’ Category

Cardinals general manager Dal Maxvill dealt for Gregg Jefferies, believing the error-prone third baseman could transform into a first baseman and provide consistent hitting.

gregg_jefferies2On Feb. 22, 1993, the Cardinals acquired Jefferies and outfielder Ed Gerald from the Royals for outfielder Felix Jose and infielder Craig Wilson.

Jefferies, who made 26 errors at third base for the 1992 Royals and never played first base in the major leagues, was tabbed to replace departed free agent Andres Galarraga.

Seeking contact

The deal was made because the Cardinals were looking to cut down on the number of runners stranded in scoring position. Jose, who usually batted third or fourth, too often stranded a runner at third base with less than two outs because of his inability to make contact consistently. “That killed us more than anything last year,” Cardinals manager Joe Torre said to the St. Louis Post-Dispatch.

Jefferies struck out a mere 29 times in 604 at-bats for the 1992 Royals and said he took pride in driving in runners from third by making contact.

“Having somebody with thunder in the lineup is going to help,” said Cardinals pitcher Bob Tewksbury. “It’s not thunder like Jack Clark, but (Jefferies) is going to hit the ball hard a lot.”

Said Torre: “Jefferies is a legitimate good hitter. Felix probably scared people more, but he would swing and miss too often.”

Jefferies never balked at learning to play first base and said, “I take as much pride in my defense as I do in my offense … It will be nice taking throws from (shortstop) Ozzie Smith. I can get used to that.”

Though Jefferies was 5 feet 10, short by most first baseman standards, Maxvill noted Steve Garvey, an all-star first baseman with the Dodgers and Padres, was the same height. “I don’t think that’s a factor,” Maxvill told the New York Times. “Most throws from infielders are in the dirt rather than high.”

Maxvill and Royals general manager Herk Robinson discussed a Jefferies-for-Jose deal at the 1992 winter meetings, but it wasn’t until Maxvill agreed to include Wilson that the deal was made shortly before the start of spring training.

“We feel he’s a more consistent and more disciplined hitter (than Jose),” Maxvill said of Jefferies. “… We think he can win a batting championship.”

Big numbers

The move paid off spectacularly.

Jefferies, 26, had a career year for the 1993 Cardinals, hitting .342 with 16 home runs, 83 RBI and 46 stolen bases. He committed only nine errors.

Jefferies placed third in the 1993 National League batting race, behind the Rockies’ Galarraga (.370) and the Padres’ Tony Gwynn (.358). Jefferies struck out 32 times in 612 plate appearances.

After hitting .325 for the Cardinals in strike-shortened 1994, Jefferies became a free agent and signed with the Phillies. In two years with the Cardinals, Jefferies had a .335 batting average and a .401 on-base percentage.

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As a Cardinals rookie in 1962, first baseman Fred Whitfield was one of the best power-hitting prospects the franchise had produced in years.

fred_whitfield“He has a quicker bat than anyone on the Cardinals and he can reach the roof at Busch Stadium,” coach Vern Benson told The Sporting News.

Said Phillies manager Gene Mauch after watching Whitfield pound Philadelphia pitching: “Fred Whitfield is the greatest hitter I’ve ever seen _ for the number of times I’ve seen him bat against us.”

The Sporting News hailed Whitfield as the Cardinals’ “biggest surprise of 1962” and Whitfield was selected by big-league managers, coaches and players as the first baseman on the 1962 Topps all-star rookie team.

Signed by Cardinals scout Mercer Harris, Whitfield was a standout in the minor leagues. He hit .309 with 23 home runs for Keokuk in 1958; .285 with 28 homers for Winston-Salem and Tulsa in 1959; .310 with 22 homers for Tulsa in 1960; and .301 with 18 homers for Charleston in 1961.

Whitfield, 24, went to the big-league spring training camp in 1962, but was sent to the Cardinals’ farm club in Atlanta before the season began. Atlanta manager Joe Schultz said Whitfield “could hit 30 home runs in our park.”

He was batting .323 and leading the International League in home runs (eight) and RBI (28) when he was promoted to the Cardinals on May 26, 1962.

The Cardinals were seeking a right-handed batter to replace injured outfielder Minnie Minoso. Because of a weak throwing arm after he hurt his shoulder as an American Legion pitcher, Whitfield only could play first base. Unlike Minoso, he batted left-handed.

According to The Sporting News, it was Cardinals business manager Art Routzong who convinced general manager Bing Devine and manager Johnny Keane to promote Whitfield.

Routzong asked, “Why not bring up the best hitter in our farm system, Fred Whitfield?”

Replied Keane: “Maybe you’ve got something there.”

In his first five pinch-hit appearances for the Cardinals, Whitfield produced three hits and a walk.

On June 10, 1962, in the second game of a doubleheader at St. Louis against the Giants, Cardinals first baseman Bill White pulled a thigh muscle and Whitfield replaced him. In the sixth inning, Billy Pierce twice brushed back Whitfield. On the next pitch, Whitfield hit a three-run home run. “The ball disappeared over the roof in right-center and sailed across Grand Boulevard,” The Sporting News reported. Boxscore

Whitfield went on a tear, with 10 RBI in four games. On June 12, 1962, his two-run homer in the eighth inning off Paul Brown erased a one-run deficit and lifted the Cardinals to a 3-2 victory over the Phillies. Boxscore

“In the five years I’ve been with the Cardinals,” said Routzong, “we have never brought up anyone who has come through with so many clutch hits in so few opportunities as Whitfield.”

Among Whitfield’s other big hits for St. Louis:

_ A three-run pinch-hit home run against the Braves’ Claude Raymond on July 3, 1962. Boxscore

_ A 10th-inning pinch-hit home run off Pirates closer Roy Face on July 15, 1962. Boxscore

_ A pinch-hit three-run home run against Jay Hook of the Mets on July 28, 1962. Boxscore

_ A grand slam off Phillies left-hander Bill Smith on Aug. 12, 1962. Boxscore

Whitfield finished the 1962 season with a .266 batting average, eight home runs and 34 RBI in 158 at-bats for the Cardinals. He hit .333 as a pinch-hitter and .412 with two outs and runners in scoring position. He was especially effective versus the Phillies, batting .313 with 13 RBI in 12 games.

“Fred did an exceptionally good job, especially as a pinch-hitter and part-time player, jobs usually handled by older, experienced men,” Devine said.

However, Whitfield became expendable because White, who batted left-handed, was entrenched at first base, and the Cardinals needed pitching.

On Dec. 15, 1962, the Cardinals dealt Whitfield to the Indians for pitcher Ron Taylor and infielder Jack Kubiszyn.

“If eyebrows were raised over the price Devine had to pay … it was understandable,” The Sporting News reported. “The Cardinals had not come up with a genuine longball threat for years until Fred Whitfield exploded on the scene early last summer.”

Whitfield hit 20 or more home runs three times for the Indians (21 in 1963, 26 in 1965 and 27 in 1966). In a nine-year major-league career (1962-70), he played for the Cardinals, Indians, Reds and Expos, batting .253 with 108 home runs.

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Stan Musial and Earl Weaver were Cardinals spring training teammates. Both were elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame _ Musial for his accomplishments as a Cardinals player and Weaver for his success as an Orioles manager.

earl_weaverMusial, 92, and Weaver, 82, died on the same day, Jan. 19, 2013.

In March 1952, Musial, 31, was in his prime, having led the National League in batting average, triples and runs scored in 1951.

Weaver, 21, was in the Cardinals’ major-league camp for the first and only time. The 5-foot-7 second baseman was the youngest and shortest member of the Cardinals’ 40-man roster in March 1952, The Sporting News reported.

A St. Louis native, Weaver signed with the Cardinals at 17 in February 1948, a month after he was graduated from Beaumont High School. He played for the Woltman Jewelers team that won the St. Louis Intermediate Municipal League championship three times and also for the Fred W. Stockham American Legion team that won Missouri state titles in 1945 and 1947, The Sporting News reported.

In his first four seasons (1948-51) in the Cardinals’ farm system, Weaver played on four teams that won league championships: West Frankfort (Illinois State) in 1948, St. Joseph (Western Association) in 1949, Winston-Salem (Carolina) in 1950 and Omaha (Western League) in 1951. Weaver’s manager at Winston-Salem and at Omaha was George Kissell.

When Winston-Salem clinched the 1950 Carolina League title with a 3-1 victory over Burlington in Game 5 of the best-of-seven series, pitcher Vinegar Bend Mizell hit a home run and Weaver drove in the deciding runs with a bases-loaded single in the sixth inning. “Scouts of the parent St. Louis Cardinals describe Weaver as a Solly Hemus type,” The Sporting News declared, comparing Weaver with the Cardinals’ feisty shortstop.

After being named to the 1951 Western League all-star team along with Omaha teammate Ken Boyer, Weaver entered 1952 determined to win a spot on the Cardinals’ Opening Day roster as a backup to second baseman Red Schoendienst.

The Sporting News, in its March 5, 1952, edition, reported, “In Earl Weaver, the smallest athlete in camp _ 5 feet 7 _ the Cardinals have a fine infield prospect, a smooth workman around second base and a fair hitter.”

When the Cardinals opened their 1952 spring training schedule on March 8 against the Yankees at St. Petersburg, Fla., the top three in their batting order were Weaver at second base, Hemus at shortstop and Musial in left field. Weaver had two hits and Musial had one in the Yankees’ 11-5 victory over the Cardinals.

The next day, March 9, 1952, Weaver again batted leadoff and started at second base and Musial was in left field, batting third. Weaver and Musial went hitless, but the Cardinals beat the Yankees, 3-1.

What made that game remarkable is 10 of the players _ three Cardinals and seven Yankees _ became major-league managers. They were Weaver, Hemus and catcher Del Rice of the Cardinals; catchers Yogi Berra and Ralph Houk, shortstops Jerry Coleman and Gene Mauch, second baseman Billy Martin, pitcher Eddie Lopat and right fielder Hank Bauer of the Yankees.

(When manager Bauer was fired by the Orioles in July 1968, he was replaced by his first-base coach, Weaver.)

Weaver played and started in many spring training games for the 1952 Cardinals. Among his highlights:

_ On March 10, batting leadoff and playing second base, Weaver was 2-for-4 with two RBI in the Cardinals’ 8-5 victory over the Braves at Bradenton, Fla. Musial had a double in two at-bats.

_ On March 13, Weaver was 2-for-4 with a stolen base and Musial was 1-for-4 in the Reds’ 2-1 victory over the Cardinals at St. Petersburg.

_ On March 14, Weaver had two hits, including a home run off Bob Porterfield, when the Cardinals and Senators played to a 6-6 tie in a game called in the sixth inning because of rain at St. Petersburg.

_ On March 19, Weaver contributed a pinch-hit single for the Cardinals in a game won by the Red Sox, 3-2, at St. Petersburg. The starting left fielders were Musial and Ted Williams. Musial was 2-for-3; Williams, 0-for-3.

Though he impressed the Cardinals, Weaver was returned to the minor leagues at the end of spring training.

Weaver played two more seasons in the Cardinals’ system before his contract was purchased by Denver, a minor-league affiliate of the Pirates, in September 1953.

Weaver played 14 seasons in the minor leagues without appearing in a major-league game.

He established himself as big-league caliber as Orioles manager by winning 1,480 regular-season games, six division titles, four American League pennants and a World Series championship in 17 seasons.

Few recalled, though, his professional baseball career began as a Cardinals prospect who joined Musial as a regular for one glorious month in spring training.

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An encounter with Joe DiMaggio preceded my only meeting with Stan Musial.

joe_dimaggioIn January 1989, I resided in Pembroke Pines, Fla., located between Miami and Fort Lauderdale. Super Bowl XXIII, featuring the Bengals and 49ers in the last game coached by San Francisco’s Bill Walsh, was being held in Miami that month.

Among the many Super Bowl festivities in the days leading up to the game was a weekday celebrity golf tournament on the Blue Monster course at the Doral resort in Miami. Among the celebrities: Stan Musial.

I was 32 and a lifelong fan of Musial, but I never had met him. Figuring I might never get another chance, I hatched a plan. I would go to Doral and attempt to meet him. I brought a Sharpie pen, my 1963 Topps Musial baseball card, a notebook and a ballpoint pen. My hope was to have Musial autograph the card or a page in the notebook.

I arrived mid-morning. Amazingly, there was no admission charge, no restrictions and virtually no spectators. I parked, walked onto the grounds and made my way to a concrete path behind what turned out to be the ninth green, near where I had entered.

Three men, all close to my age then, were the only people nearby. Two appeared to be acquainted with one another and seemed to be there just to see celebrities. The third clearly was either a memorabilia dealer or a representative of one. He had a large bag and inside it were pristine baseballs wrapped individually in cardboard boxes.

I asked the guy with the baseballs whether he knew how long it might be before Musial and his group appeared.

“DiMaggio is coming up to the tee,” he said, pointing to a patch of turf across a pond. “Musial is in the group after that.”

“DiMaggio?” I responded. “I’m here to see Musial.”

The four of us stood apart, watching a group hit to the green of the par-3 ninth. Soon, a pair of golf carts rolled along the perimeter of the pond and up the path toward us. There, in the lead cart, was the silver-haired Yankee Clipper, Joe DiMaggio.

We stood frozen, keeping a respectful distance, as DiMaggio and his group walked onto the green. As they putted, I edged closer to DiMaggio’s cart.

The idea of meeting Stan Musial left me awestruck. I respected DiMaggio, but, naively or not, didn’t revere him.

After the group had putted out and DiMaggio neared his cart, I approached. I could feel the other three guys pressing behind me, like the Scarecrow, Tin Man and Lion did when Dorothy met the Wizard of Oz.

I reached for the notebook and the ballpoint pen.

“Mr. DiMaggio,” I said. “May I have your autograph?”

DiMaggio looked purposefully into the eyes of each of us.

“I’ll remember you,” he said, addressing us as a group. “I better not see any of you behind the 18th green, asking for another autograph.”

With that, he reached for my notebook and pen and signed his name. (The autograph I received is shown above.)

He signed a baseball for the memorabilia guy and he signed something, though I didn’t notice what, for the other two.

For me, that was the appetizer. A best-in-class gem, indeed, but still an appetizer to the main course.

Next on the tee, Stan Musial.

We watched as Musial and his group hit their shots across the pond. I stood transfixed as the carts headed toward us. First thing I noticed was Musial had a cigar. They walked onto the green and finished the hole. I told the others I wanted to approach Musial first. They could tell I meant it.

As he neared his cart, I introduced myself and began telling him the story of how I became a fan of Stan Musial and the Cardinals. He listened carefully but showed little reaction. I felt like I was babbling and was rushing to finish. When I was done, he replied with three words: “Wonderful. Thank you.”

I was delighted.

I held up the baseball card and Sharpie. He signed with a careful and purposeful stroke. I appreciated that.

Then he turned to the others and signed autographs for them.

As he did, one of his playing partners, who had been listening to what I had said, came up to me.

“He’s every bit as nice a person as you have heard and what you would hope,” the stranger said to me.

It was just what I needed to hear.

“If you want,” Musial’s playing partner said to me, “you can follow along on the next hole.”

I walked to the 10th tee, a par-5, and watched Musial and his group hit their shots. They roared off in their carts and I followed behind, watching each hit a second shot.

By now, though, I was feeling more like a stalker than a loyal fan.

I turned and headed back to the parking lot.

I had accomplished what I had set out to do. I had met Stan Musial. I got to tell him my story and how much he meant to me. I had gotten a personal autograph. There was nothing more to do.

And, oh, yeah, I got stared down by Joe DiMaggio, too.

Previously: How Stan Musial made me a Cardinals fan

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Stan Musial is the reason I have been a St. Louis Cardinals fan since 1963, when I was 7 years old.

stan_musial22My paternal grandfather immigrated to the United States from Poland before World War I and settled in Bayonne, N.J. He was a proud Polish-American. During the 1940s, when Musial won three National League batting titles and led the Cardinals to four pennants and three World Series championships, my grandfather became a Stan Musial fan. Musial’s father also immigrated to America from Poland.

My father was a Brooklyn Dodgers fan, but he, too, rooted for Musial. The Dodgers fans at Ebbetts Field in Brooklyn respected Musial so much that they gave him the nickname, “The Man.”

My grandfather and father wanted me to see Musial play in person, so they purchased three tickets for the Cardinals’ last scheduled 1963 appearance in New York. On Aug. 8, 1963, a Thursday afternoon, we were among the 8,309 who went to the Polo Grounds to see the Cardinals play the Mets.

Musial was 42 and speculation was he would retire after the season. The Polo Grounds had been the home field of the Giants when they were based in New York and Musial hit well there.

“There’s something sentimental about this old place,” Musial said in an Associated Press story published before the game. “For one thing, I’ve always been a Giants fan. When I was a kid, Carl Hubbell and Mel Ott were my heroes. I’ve enjoyed playing here because of the short fences and the nice crowds. Now, this is goodbye. It’s a bit sad.”

During our drive into New York from New Jersey, my grandfather and father told me stories about Musial. To a 7-year-old, that was enough to convince me Musial was the greatest baseball player. And, because he played for the Cardinals, my 7-year-old’s logic said, they must be the greatest baseball team.

Before a pitch was thrown, I was devoted to Stan Musial and the Cardinals.

When the starting lineups were announced, my grandfather and father were disappointed Musial was being given the day off against Mets left-hander Al Jackson.

Still, being at a big-league ballgame was thrilling for me and I recall taking in the sights and sounds from our second-deck seats on the first-base line.

In the ninth inning, with the Mets ahead, 3-2, the Cardinals had a runner on first with two outs when our wishes came true. Musial was sent to bat for pitcher Bobby Shantz.

I recall focusing on the figure at the plate and seeing Musial in his famous batting crouch, the number 6 looking huge on the back of his jersey.

Jackson walked Musial on four pitches, and I was satisfied to see the plate appearance. Gary Kolb was put in to run for Musial before Curt Flood grounded out, ending the game.

In January 2012, while interviewing Jackson at the Mets’ training facility in Port St. Lucie, Fla. he stunned me by bringing up that Aug. 8, 1963, encounter with Musial.

I was asking Jackson about Flood and Jackson said:

“Great defensive player. He was a great hitter, too. Here was a man who got 200 hits every year. But asking about Flood reminds me of when I was still pitching for the Mets and we were playing the Cardinals in the Polo Grounds. I had a one-run lead in the ninth inning. There were two outs (and a runner on first base) and here comes Stan Musial to pinch-hit.

“I always said, ‘My momma didn’t raise no fool.’ Flood was due up after Musial. And as good a hitter as Flood was, I thought about how years back, (pitcher) Harvey Haddix had told me how dangerous this man Musial was in the clutch. And so I said to myself, ‘I got a one-run lead in the ninth inning. This man is not going to beat me.’ I threw four pitches outside and he went on to first base. I got the next man, Flood, to ground out. Game over.” Boxscore

The summer of 1963 also was the first year I began collecting Topps baseball cards. My maternal grandmother and my mother would buy them for me in waxpacks for a nickel apiece. Never once had I found a Stan Musial card in a pack.

A few days after my Polo Grounds experience, a friend told me he had a 1963 Topps Stan Musial card. I told my father about it and he instructed me to find out what my friend would accept in a trade. My friend, a Yankees fan, wanted the Yankees team card. I had it, and my father decided to help me broker a deal.

I invited my friend to meet me and my father in our yard and to bring the Musial card. When I offered the Yankees team card in exchange, my father sensed hesitation from my friend. Thinking fast and sorting through my stack, my father told me to include a card of Yankees catcher Johnny Blanchard in a two-for-one deal.

I was aghast. My father told me it was a good deal. So I handed over both cards and got the Musial one. It is shown here. Musial autographed it for me in 1989.

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(Updated Jan. 1, 2018)

Erik Pappas can speak authoritatively about the highs and lows of being a professional baseball player.

erik_pappasA Cardinals catcher in 1993 and 1994, Pappas started his St. Louis career with a flourish (a 16-game hitting streak) and ended it in a slump (0-for-33).

A baseball and football standout at Mount Carmel High School in Chicago, Pappas was named Illinois prep baseball player of the year in 1984. The Angels selected him in the first round in the June 1984 draft, ahead of Mark McGwire, Greg Maddux and Tom Glavine.

Pappas never advanced out of the Angels’ farm system. (“They gave up on me real quick … I never felt wanted with the Angels,” he later told the St. Louis Post-Dispatch.) The Cubs signed him and he made his big-league debut with them in 1991, playing in seven games before returning to the minors.

After stints in the minor-league systems of the Royals and White Sox, the Cardinals signed Pappas on the recommendation of their Class AAA Louisville manager, Jack Krol, and invited the catcher to spring training in 1993.

The Cardinals committed that spring to the catching tandem of Tom Pagnozzi and Hector Villanueva. Pappas hit .250 in nine spring training games and was sent to Louisville to open the season.

Determined to show the Cardinals he belonged, Pappas hit .338 with four home runs in 21 games for Louisville. When Pagnozzi tore cartilage in his left knee in May, Pappas, 27, was promoted to St. Louis.

The Cardinals were planning to return Pappas to Louisville after Pagnozzi recovered, but Pappas changed those plans with his 16-game hitting streak from May 14 through June 5. It was the longest hitting streak by a Cardinals catcher since Ted Simmons had a 19-game stretch in 1975.

Five times Pappas kept the streak alive by producing a hit in his last at-bat. He did that on June 2, 1993, when he hit a RBI-double off the Dodgers’ Todd Worrell in the seventh inning at St. Louis, giving the Cardinals a 5-3 lead.

In the ninth, the Dodgers scored a run off closer Lee Smith and had Eric Davis on first base with two outs. Davis was riding a streak of 34 consecutive successful stolen base attempts. Pappas was 0-for-8 in runners caught attempting to steal.

“Pap comes out to me and says, ‘Don’t worry about Davis.’ I said, ‘Bull,’ ” Smith told the Post-Dispatch.

As expected, Davis broke for second. Pappas’ throw arrived at the second base bag before Davis did. Davis was out, the streak was broken and the game was over, a 5-4 Cardinals victory preserved. Boxscore

“That was unreal,” Cardinals first baseman Gregg Jefferies said. “Everybody in the stadium knew (Davis) was going and Pap makes a great throw.”

Pappas’ hitting streak was snapped by Reds pitchers Jose Rijo and Greg Cadaret on June 6, 1993. Boxscore A week later, June 14, Pirates center fielder Andy Van Slyke broke his right collarbone while helping Pappas get his only big-league home run.

In the fourth inning at St. Louis, Pappas drove a Denny Neagle pitch to deep center. The ball glanced off Van Slyke’s glove and skimmed into a flower bed for a two-run home run as Van Slyke slammed into the wall, breaking the collarbone. Boxscore

A couple of days later, Pagnozzi came off the disabled list and Villanueva was sent to Louisville.

Pappas completed the 1993 season with a .276 batting average, 12 doubles and 28 RBI in 82 games for St. Louis. He started 53 games at catcher and also made 10 starts in right field and one at first base. He caught 41 percent of the baserunners who attemped to steal against him. The Cardinals were 29-24 in games Pappas started at catcher.

The Cardinals committed to opening the 1994 season with Pagnozzi and Pappas as their catchers, but Pagnozzi again tore cartilage in his left knee while reaching for a pitch in spring training. Cardinals manager Joe Torre declared Pappas the Opening Day starter and selected Terry McGriff to be his backup.

Pappas hit safely in each of the Cardinals’ first four games of the 1994 season. Then he went hitless in 33 at-bats. He caught just one of 16 baserunners attempting to steal.

On May 5, Pagnozzi came off the disabled list. After 15 games started at catcher and with his batting average at .091 (4-for-44), Pappas was demoted to Louisville.

“I got an opportunity to start and I didn’t take advantage of it,” Pappas said. “I cut my own throat … I was hoping to have a career here.”

Said Torre: “If he’s going to find his (batting) stroke, he’s got to find it as a regular player … I told him, ‘Go get straightened out and we’ll see what happens. We’ll see you in September, or sooner, if something happens.’ We just couldn’t get anything to relax him.”

Pappas never played in another major-league game, but he did spend one more day with the Cardinals.

When it became certain the players would go out on strike in August 1994, the Cardinals called up Pappas from Louisville for their final game on Aug. 11 at Miami. They did this, St. Louis journalist Rick Hummel reported, “because (Pappas) makes $140,000 on a major-league contract. If the strike would last the rest of the season, the Cardinals would save about $40,000 in Pappas’ salary.”

Pappas didn’t play in his one-night stand, the strike did last the rest of the season and the Cardinals avoided paying Pappas $40,000.

“It’s a business, simple as that,” Pappas said.

In 2013, Pappas rejoined the Cardinals’ organization as a minor-league hitting coach. He coached the Peoria Chiefs in 2013 and the Springfield (Mo.) Cardinals in 2014 and 2015. Pappas joined the Orioles’ organization in 2016 as a hitting coach for their Class A affiliate, the Frederick (Md.) Keys.

Previously: Cardinals rookie pitchers tested Joe Torre in 1994

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